Cybernetic Instruments ·  London Enquire
Cybernetic Instruments · Active Inference Hardware

Topology as instrument. Computation as sound.

We are developing coupled oscillator arrays for closed-loop perception and control. The same dynamical model is tested first in simulation and room-temperature analog hardware, with a roadmap toward cryogenic and superconducting implementations.

A coupled nonlinear oscillator array operated as a physical inference and control substrate.
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01 The angle
Most systems act to reduce the error they already have. This one acts to shape the evidence it receives next.

That is active inference, expressed here as a physical control loop. A pumped oscillator provides a controllable nonlinear substrate; the coupling matrix encodes priors, constraints, and action paths. The current work compares the same mathematical model across simulation, room-temperature analog hardware, and a cryogenic fabrication roadmap.

The goal is not zero error. A system at zero error has stopped listening. The goal is useful error: structured, causal, and reafferent. It is the same region a musician lives in when a take has feel, predictions good enough to hold coherence, wrong enough to create momentum.

The substrate is part of the computation, not just a place where software runs.
02 The device  three subsystems, two computational domains
Room temperature stage · 300 K
World in
sensors · instruments · audio
Human in the loop
gesture · motion · play
World out
actuators · audio · control
Music/audio is the first closed-loop testbed; robotics, grid control, and prosthetics are candidate domains.
world in
world out
Photonic cryogenic interconnect
optical fibre · galvanic isolation · lower thermal load than equivalent electrical links, link-budget dependent
Cryogenic stage
SQUID / SFQ readout front end
flux-to-digital conversion · continuous signals to pulse logic
AQFP logic fabric target
low-energy inference and control primitives
Candidate Josephson parametric oscillator array
above-threshold classical regime · below-threshold quantum regime
Sensory resonators
environmental input
Constraint resonators
fixed coupling geometry
Action resonators
bounded output
Hardware inhibit line · operator override
4 sensory  +  8 constraint  +  4 action

Prototype model: N equals sixteen coupled parametric oscillators. The coupling matrix can be complex valued: the real part dissipative, the imaginary part reactive. In simulation, learned topologies are stored as candidate coupling matrices for hardware evaluation.

Coupling matrix · J · 16 × 16
03 One architecture, four substrates
Rung 00
Lattice V
Virtual · software
The full model in simulation. JAX, real time inference, and the plugin stack.
Building now
Rung 01
Lattice T
Transistor · analog silicon
A closed-loop active inference testbed on room-temperature analog silicon, used for hardware validation before cryogenic fabrication.
Building now
Rung 02
Lattice C
Cryogenic · niobium 4.2 K
Target 4.2 K superconducting implementation using flux-based control and readout.
Rung 03
Lattice Q
Quantum · millikelvin
Longer-term millikelvin research path: below-threshold operation, quantum-limited readout, and protected-state priors.
The same topology grammar is tested across rungs. Coupling matrices learned in simulation are evaluated for transfer into physical substrates.
04 Current evidence  simulation benchmarks
Classical control simulation · target 4.2 K implementation

Counterfactual policy improves closed-loop tracking.

9 / 9
RMSE wins
12.8%
lower tracking RMSE
37%
less action energy

In this benchmark, greedy and structured ablations do not beat passive. Cut the action channel and the improvement collapses, pointing to the closed-loop contribution.

Quantum readout simulation · millikelvin implementation path

Active readout sharpens belief.

95.3%
adaptive classification
5.78
nats, p = 3.5e-17
52.7%
scrambled-control baseline

The action variable is the homodyne readout phase, selected by expected information gain. Scrambling the action-to-sensation link degrades convergence, matching the causal signature seen in the classical loop.

Get in touch

Collaboration, prototypes,
licensing, and research.

If you are a musician, a lab, an investor, or a builder who reads this and recognises something useful, write to us.